Archive for September, 2015

Why Jurassic Park Isn’t Possible

If you have been having nightmares about your home being crushed by wild dinosaurs that have over run the world, relax. One of the most fascinating science fictions stories, Jurassic Park was written by Michael Crichton. He spelled out bringing back extinct creatures to life using DNA trapped in fossilized blood sucking insects. While it is true that insects get preserved rather well in amber, it is also not possible for DNA molecules to be obtained for use in research to recreate the dinosaurs.

This is because even with a well preserved insect fossil the DNA molecule would still have been breaking down and becoming unreadable. The fragile DNA complex has a half life of 521 years. So every 521 years half the useful DNA will become unreadable, keeping up at this pace in about a million and half years the DNA would be rendered absolutely useless. And a team at Manchester University also verified that DNA within insect fossils actually tends to degrade at an even faster pace.

While it may seem like a great story, unfortunately at present the dream of bringing back extinct animals is going to remain unfulfilled. You never know what science project in the future may make it possible, but for now you are safe from rampaging dinosaurs tearing up your home town.

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Save King Julian – From His Wife?

For those of you who watched Madagascar, King Julian is that adorable lemur who considers himself the self proclaimed King of the World. Well it seems that the lemur may not even be kings of their own homes as they actually live in matriarchal societies. Apparently fifty five million years of evolution combined with adopting beneficial behaviours and refining the society has led them to having the females in charge.

Female dominance is not the norm in primates. Usually its the alpha male who keeps the power centre in the pack, but in lemurs its a different story. Researchers studying their behaviour have found that even younger females can bully the males over food and the best place to rest. Apparently if the female wants the food she gets it, and if the male is resting in a spot of sunshine and she wants to lie down there, the resting site is hers as well.

All the female lemur does is move towards the male and he will make a submissive sound and move right out of her way. Those cheering for the females, here’s another sobering thought. Lemurs are struggling to survive as more than ninety percent of their habitat has been lost to slash and burn agricultural practices of the humans. So what does this science project teach you?

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Identify the Polluters

The oceans of the planet are still a mystery to us the primary land dwellers. Some researchers say that it is actually just one large connected global ocean, while others prefer to refer to individual seas as first recognized formally in 1928 with political connotations. The truth is that even today we have barely scratched the surface of the oceans even as studies into its depths continue.

At the Australian University of New South Wales there is a study being undertaken to propose a new map of the oceans set apart from the geopolitical boundaries which are today considered the norm. Professor Gary Froyland, a mathematician and Oceanographer Erik van Sebille are also considering the pollution in the oceans a major problem.

They have records to show the plastic and other debris in different parts of the global ocean is growing at an alarming rate. They also have a way to analyse how the litter ended up where it did following ocean currents. Guess how this science project helps? It allows you to pinpoint the origin of the litter and thereby identify the polluting country from where it comes.

Now that we finally have a viable means of identifying which country is responsible for dumping plastic and debris into the oceans, perhaps we can prevail on them to not pollute the ocean anymore.

 

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How Koalas Keep Their Cool

Koala bears are often synonymous with the regions Down Under, the symbol of a region which has its own unique flora and fauna. For a bear with fur the region can get pretty heated up and despite the thin fur on the body of the Koala, it has to feel the heat waves that frequently hit the area. So what does the Koala bear do to ensure that it doesn’t lose its cool?

Most observing researchers will tell you that the Koala bears will immediately begin to climb trees when a heat wave strikes. A team at the University of Melbourne was trying to figure out why they did this and just how it helped? Apparently each tree has its own micro climate and as the temperatures soar to 104 degrees Fahrenheit the Koala will often take advantage of this mirco climate.

By climbing up and hugging the tree  the Koala is actually opening up its own personal fridge door and letting the cool air in. Thermal images of how temperature is distributed allowed the researchers conducting the science experiment to see that the tree limbs on which the Koala would press down were usually cooler than the surrounding areas by several degrees allowing them to escape the heat wave on the ground.

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Your Sunscreen is Killing the Phytoplankton

Going to the beach without sunscreen is never going to happen with any sensible soul. You don’t want to expose your delicate skin to harmful rays from the sun which can damage it. So lathering on the sunscreen is a must. However that sunscreen you applied is not going to stay on your skin when you go for a swim in the coastal waters. Even if the label reads water-proof the lotion is going to come off the skin and provide inadequate cover from the sun.

For the human being the good news is that you can easily apply yet another layer of sunscreen and sit down on the beach to soak up the rays. For the fish in the water the bad news is that the main ingredient of sunscreen is titanium dioxide. Add the water and the sun and you get a smoking chemical reaction creating hydrogen peroxide which unfortunately wipes out the phytoplankton right away.

With the harsh chemical taking out the phytoplankton, the fish are gradually going to starve and the whole food chain will be affected. The solution to this dilemma? No, its not using no sunscreen, rather its encouraging sun screen producers to manufacture a lotion which is more eco friendly and leaves less of a trace in the water. Now that’s a science project worth pursuing.

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Weird and Wild

If you ever wonder about all the unusual animals that make up a part of our world, you will love to read the “Weird and Wild”  blog that Christine Dell ‘Amore writes. This writer and editor began her association with the wilder side of life as a National Geographic writer and editor before she decided to start her blog about strange and fascinating creatures.

The one woman blog, which was begun in 2011, showcases a variety of cool, unusual and just plain weird animals all of whom Christine has had personal experiences with. Some interesting discoveries include information such as the existence of a millipede that emits cyanide which stains the skin for several weeks, the fact that within ant hills there are areas designated as toilets, or even how a porcupine can fend off a group of lions and protect itself.

Pink sea slugs, loggerhead sea turtles, long necked dinosaurs and a whole lot more weird and wild animals find their way into this informative and interesting blog making it rather fun to read. Look out for her viral videos explaining stuff that makes for an interesting biology lesson. This is one personal science project that will help you understand your wild world better.

 

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